Langsung ke konten utama

Instructional Material Design


Instructional Material Design

1.      Introduction
Learning a language requires meaningful learning experiences facilitated by opportunities to interact with and produce language material that involve communication, whether these opportunities occur in a formal learning envoronment or not, exposure to a language forms an integral part of the acquisition process.
Therefore material is very important in teaching learning process. It provides the content of the lesson, the balance of skill taught and the language practice of the students. Material can support the teacher in teaching and students in learning. (Coppens, Rico & Agudo : 2013 )
Instructional material intended for instruction, including a text read, instructional videos, software, CD, or other related technology resources are approved for classroom instruction. The emerging needs of the information age require a new paradigm for the field of instructional design (Reigeluth, 1996). It must be borne in mind that the design and development of instructional materials for teaching and learning purpose must take into consideration important aspects such as pedagogy, learning theories, ID theories and models and the media employed (Sharifuddin, 2007).

2.      Discussion
 What is Instructional Design
Montague, Wulfrek and Ellis (1983) highlighted that the best design does not compensate for the lack of skills needed to develop quality instruction. Sharifuddin explained that An instruction is a set of events that facilitate learning whilst design means a creative pattern or a rational, logical, sequential process intended to solve problems. Thus, instructional design can be defined as “the systematic process of translating principles of learning and instruction into plans for instructional materials and activities”.

What is Instructional Material
The word materials here refers to printed or other media intended to convey events of instruction. In most traditional instructional systems, teachers do not design or develop their own instructional materials. Instead, they are given materials (or they select materials) that they integrate into their lesson plans. In contrast, instructional systems design underscores the selection and development of materials as an important part of the design effort. Teachers can be hard-pressed to arrange instruction when there are no really suitable materials available for part of the planned objectives. Often, they improvise and adapt as best they can. Most often, however, teachers do find suitable materials.

The Form of Teaching Material
n  Printed materials
    ex. books, workbooks, worksheets, readers
n  Nonprint materials
    ex. cassette, audio materials, videos
n  Both print and nonprint sources
   ex. materials on the Internet
n  Magazines, newspapers, TV programs
   


References
Coppens, X., Mercedes, R., J.E. Agudo. (2013). Using Blogs: authentic material and ranking quality for SLA. The EUROCALL Review. 21 (1), 20.

Hannafin, M.J. & Peck, K.L. (1988). The Design, Development, and Evaluation of Instructional Software. New York: Macmillan Publishing.

Montague W. E., Ellis, J. A., & Wulfeck, W. H. (1983). Instructional quality inventory:A formative evaluation tool for instructional development. Performance and Instruction Journal, 22 (5), 11-14.

Sharifuddin, R.S. (2007). Design of Instructional Materials for Teaching and Learning Purposes : Theory and Practice. MEDC, Volume 1.

Thompson, N. (2001). Why ID? The benefits of Instructional Design Models. Teaching with Technology Today. Retrieved on May 20, 2017, from http://www.uwsa.edu/ttt/articles/thompson.html







Label:

Komentar

Posting Komentar

Postingan populer dari blog ini

Don’t insist on English by : Patricia Ryan

Patricia is a teacher who has worked in the Gulf state for over 30 years. She has seen lots of changes. She talked about language loss and the globalization of English. A language dies every 14 days. At the same time, English is the undisputed global language. It has morphed from being a mutually beneficial practice to becoming  a massive international business. It has become a bandwagon for every English-speaking nation on earth. According to the latest World University Rankings, in the universities of UK  and US. So everybody wants to have an English education naturally. But who are not from native speaker have to pass a test to take English education naturally.  Parents always focus on English since their early age. They want to give their children the best chance in life. To do that, they need a western education. For instance, Patricia gave an example from her daughter who studied in England has the best grade in science and math class. She believes that when students co
1 komentar
Baca selengkapnya

How to make stress your friend by : Kelly McGonigal

Kelly is a health psychologist. Her mission is to help people be happier and healthier. Kelly have been telling people if stress can make sick. It increase the risk of everything from the common cold to cardiovascular disease. Kelly told that people who experienced a lot of stress in the previous year had a 43 percent increased risk of dying. But that was only true for people who also believed that stress is harmful for your health. People who experienced a lot of stress but did not view stress as harmful were no more likely to die, yet researcher found that people died not from stress, but from the belief that stress is bad for us. If that statement is correct, so stress will be the largest cause of death, killing more people than skin cancer, HIV/AIDS and homicide. As a healt psycologist, Kelly want to make people better at stress. If we view stress in good way, our body believe us and our stress response become healthier. Stress also makes us social. By talking about oxyt
Posting Komentar
Baca selengkapnya

Summary of Wuthering Heights chapters 1 – 4.

Summary of Wuthering Heights chapters 1 – 4. Image : google  In 1801, Mr. Lockwood writes in his diary as a tenant at Thrushcross Grange landlord, which Mr. Heathcliff is the owner and who has terrible characteristic lives in the Wuthering Heights. ‘Wuthering’ being a significant provincial adjective, descriptive of the atmospheric tumult to which its station is exposed in stormy weather. While entering Wuthering Heights, Lockwood notices but does not comment upon the date “1500” and the name “Hareton Earnshaw” above the principal door. They enter the house and Lockwood realizes that there is only one servant, Joseph, which may explain why the house is in such disrepair, and there are also several dogs. A short while after, Heathcliff and Joseph go down the cellar, leaving Lockwood alone with the dogs. Fortunately, a female servant comes from the kitchen with a pan and shoos the dogs away, and when Heathcliff back Lockwood finds him compelling and uninvited announces that he
Posting Komentar
Baca selengkapnya